Individual Constitution and Systems of the State Essay Example for Free

Individual temper and Systems of the State EssayDuring the time when the democracys first decl ard their independence from Great Britain there was an enormous have for a balance in mightiness. However, the establishment of such posed to be no easy task for our founding fathers. Originally the new cites constitutions foundation was based off the thirteen colonial charters (Bow military man Kearney, 2011, p56). Which was modified a short while later, as the colonies were expanded, to include the rights of Englishmen (Bowman Kearney 2011, p. 56). According to Bowman Kearney (2011), All state constitutions both distribute and constrain political power among groups and regions (p. 55). In that such provide the basic and key components for government to allow for an even distribution of power for the terzetto weapones, while offering protection for soul rights. Constitutions represent the fundamental law of a state, superior to statutory law. Only the federal official Const itution and federal statutes take priority over state constitutions (Bowman Kearney, 2011, p. 55).Over the course of many years the states constitutions have been slowly amended to meet the deficiencys of a growing governmental body. The current Texas constitution was created in 1876 and is composed of a preamble followed by 17 articles, to include Bill of Rights, Legislative Department, executive director Department, and Judicial Department (The University of Texas teach of justness Tarlton faithfulness subroutine library Jamail Center for statutory Research, 2013). Article I of the Texas constitution is the Bill of Rights. It is in this article that individual rights are outlined for citizens in which the government cannot overlook under any given circumstance. Upon reading the Texas Constitution, the impression is given that religious freedom and for no man to be unjustly persecuted by the hand of the government pose to be the most important feature detai direct in the B ill of Rights.Just the like the United States Constitution there are limitations to the freedoms being granted in this portion of the Texas papers (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for lawful Research, 2013). In replica of the United Stated Constitution, state level constitutions are sculpted after the federal government in which it delegates power throughout three branches of government executive, legislative, and judicial (Bowman Kearney, 2011, p.27). Article III of the Texas Constitution writes the legislative department section 1 states that, The legislative power of this Stateshall be vested in a Senate and House of Representatives, which together shall be styled The Legislature of the State of Texas (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013). Sections 2 through 7 details the composition of the legislative department to include the House of Representatives and the Senate and also states the qualifications for such positions. The Senate entails thirty-one members and is prohibited to exceed such limit.The House of Representatives is comprised of 93 members until the first apportioning (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013) then it may increase by ratio not to exceed 1 vocalization per 15,000 inhabitants. However the numbers are to never surpass 150 members. The remainder sections write the limitations of the legislature power, details processes, and conditions the expectations in regards to the conduct of each official (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013). In the State of Texas, the Legislative Branch is granted the most powers in writing. One can go up supporting evidence to the fact after a complete examination is done of this document. A conclusion can be drawn that as a result of all powers given, this branch is able to have a limi ted amount of regulation over the other two branches of government. Also, it is here that bills of law are passed to ensure the necessary provisions stated in other articles are upheld. The power of the executive branch is amalgamated from the office of the governor (Bowman Kearney, 2011, p. 68).Historically, the executive branch held increasingly more power and stature resulting from constitutional amendments allowing for governors to be elected by popular vote. (Bowman Kearney, 2011, p. 59). Such unbalance in power eventually led to the people giving governors higher authority to veto legislative bills and granted longer terms. This trend continued through the early 1800s, 1830s and 1840s however, somewhat ended during the Jacksonian Era due to the Jacksonian principle of popular elections to fill most government offices resulted in a fragmented state executive branch. (Bowman Kearney, 2011, p. 59). Within the Texas Constitution the executive branch powers can be found in Artic le IV, The Executive Department (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013). The Executive Department must contain a governor, lieutenant-governor, secretary ofState, comptroller of public accounts, treasurer, commissioner of the land of office and attorney general (Ericson Wallace, 2010).Throughout the remainder of the article, refining of the rights and responsibilities of each member is outlined (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013). The Judicial Branch power is bestowed in a unconditional judiciary, courts of appeal, district courts, and various other courts as authorized by the states constitution. Usually the states judicial branch is headed by the state Supreme judgeship who tries cases from courts of lower levels (Bowman Kearney, 2011, p.68). Article V from the Texas Constitution includes the powers of the Judicial Department to be vested in one Supreme C ourt, in a Court of Appeals, in District Courts, in County Courts, in Commissioners Courts, in Courts of Justices of the Peace, and in such other courts and may be established by law (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013).The head of the Supreme Court is governed by a chief justice and two associate justices. With further reading, the rules and regulations for the court justices and order of operations can be found written in the sections of this article (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013). In conclusion, many amendments have been made to reflect the needs of a growing population all through history. Conferring with Bowman Kearney (2011), constitutional revision must be an ongoing process if the states are to cope with the changing contours of American society and stay in the vanguard of innovation and change (p.70). In addition, meeting the need of such a vast ly growing entity can be a difficult mission.Original limitations set forth by previous documents have been alter to reflect an even distribution of power and added protections for individuals. Due to the Texas constitutions length of 63,000 plus words it is seen as one of the most verbose document of other states. According to Joe E. Ericson and Ernest Wallace, Its wealth of detail causes it to resemble a code of laws rather than a constitution. Its many requirements and limitations on both state and local governments behave it one of the most restrictive among state constitutions (Ericson Wallace, 2010).ReferencesBowman, A. O., Kearney, R. (2001). Sate and Local Government (8th edition).Boston, MA Cengage Ericson, J. E., Wallace, E. (2010, June 12). Constitution of 1876. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Handbook of Texas Online https//www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/mhc07 The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research. (20 13). Texas Constitutions 1824-1876. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Rare Books and Special Collections http//tarlton.law.utexas.edu/constitutions/texas1876/a1 The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research. (2013). Texas Constitutions 1824-1876. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Rare Books and Special Collections http//tarlton.law.utexas.edu/constitutions/texas1876/a5 The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research. (2013). Texas Constitutions 1824-1876. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Rare Books and Special Collections http//tarlton.law.utexas.edu/constitutions/texas1876/a4 The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research. (2013). Texas Constitutions 1824-1876. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Rare Books and Special Collections http//tarlton.law.utexas.edu/constitutions/texas1876/a3

Beautiful Mind Essay Example for Free

Beautiful Mind EssayBased on what I have watched from the movie of A Beautiful Mind, which is a biography based on the true life story of a math prodigy, John Forbes Nash Jr., is an incomparable math genius student from Princeton University who definitely astonished the minds of people he meets. For me, he is an extraordinary person having a broad and an odd imagination as well. Unfortunately, he suffers from a mental illness called dementia praecox which he doesnt even pick out himself. His friends find him weird or likely a nerd, save still they try to make friends with him. Nash tried to cash in ones chips and interact with them entirely in the end, its like theres something that bothers him, some kind of paranoia that leads him to stay away and find himself alone and unconsciously creating things that bent really there (hallucination) and believing things that arent really true (delusion). Like for example, an imaginary friend which is known to be Charles (his room ma te) and Charles niece. Its odd but I strongly believe that all the things kept from his subconscious mind releases through Charles and other delusions his mind creates.I believe more than anything else, this movie focuses on perceptions of life. Perception of what is reality and what is imaginary, not only his perception but also peoples perception of him, and of the situation. Yet he was a brilliant man, although at times to people he seemed a bit unorthodox he was eventually accepted. Ironically enough I believe that it was his problems of not liking people, but wanting to be accepted and acknowledge that aided his mental state, however by the time he had become accepted his imaginary world was protrude of control.As years passes without knowing that he has such mental illness, Nash have invented some kind of Mathematical formula (equilibrium) which become popular and it startled me. He graduated and become a professor in Mathematics and romantically involved with his hard workin g student named Alicia and they even got married. But his illness turn out to be worse than I thought his delusions become rigorous and more uncontrollable by his mind. He even believed that hes been engage to work to the government to break codes. His other delusional product named Parcher, keeps on haunting him to work and to work which have caused him so much stress that do the symptoms worse. He keeps on believing that theres a conspiracy, a mission by the government that will lead him to honor, but all of these are only in his mind.Nash continued his medication and deal with his delusional state. And it made me wonder, because according to my belief, real mentally abnormal person doesnt even know that he/she is not normal. But in Nashs case, how come he realized that hes suffering from this illness and he flush toilet even stay away from his delusions? I dont know but all I know are risks that may happen if you conduct no attention to this illness. Without medication and t herapy, they are unable to function in the real world. If they fall victim to severe hallucinations and delusions, they can be a risk of exposure to themselves and those around them.Schizophrenia usually develops gradually, although onset can be sudden. These were the symptoms that Nash have Confusion, Inability to make decisions, Hallucinations, doesnt eat regularly and lack of sleep, Delusions, Nervousness, Indifference to the opinions of others, A tendency to argue A conviction that he is better than others, or that people are out to get him. Fortunately, he was able to cop with his Paranoia and lived a simple life, he even got the Nobel Prize he ever wanted because of his genuine mind.

Visual Pleasure And Narrative Cinema Analysis Film Studies Essay

Visual Pleasure And Narrative Cinema Analysis Film Studies EssayIn this typography we are going to discuss the position of Laura Malvey in her work Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema. We will also discuss how Mulveys dissertation may be convincing in genius lawsuit only when tested to its limitations in another using two examples.The psychoanalytic interpretation of the position of women lulus gets stomach to the famous essay by Laura Mulvey Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema, the original thesis of which was that the assume form is structured by the unconscious of the patriarchal hunting lodge and that woman as a spectator is always imposed the rules of a foreign game getting of the potent type of amusement for example, inherently scopophilic pleasure from the examination of the female body.But the issue in this work is not only and not so much close to the pleasure itself, but about more serious things how the vision is the instance of identification formation of the subject through the visual practices and how the power is incorporated into the play that is, the question is raised in the work about the ideological effects of the basic cinematic apparatus.Mulvey argued that ideology is involved in forming the subjectivity of the individual at the level of the unconscious and that is how a female spectator, through borrowing the male gaze, takes the ideology of a patriarchal society, which is imposed.Laura Mulvey in Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema explains how the traditional Hollywood deal claims the scopophilic view In a world ordered by sexual imbalance, pleasure in looking has been split between active/male and inactive/female. The determining male gaze projects its phantasy on to the female form which is styled accordingly. In their traditional exhibitionist role women are simultaneously looked at and displayed, with their bearing coded for strong visual and erotic impact so that they can be said to connote to-be-looked-at-ness . (Malvey, 1975). The woman, demonstrated as a sexual object, acts as a leitmotif of erotic spectacle.The formulated enigma in this context may be solved through a strong deconstruction of the vision machine, which constitutes a woman as an image, and a man as an owner of the sight. Mulvey proposes to destroy the voayeristic-scopophilic opinion, consistently destroying cinematic codes that postulate such view.Will this be the solution of the problem? Mulveys emphasis on the analysis of the specific of the cinematographic system, with all its radical and provocative judgements, seems to be legitimate. The real is the question of the discursive mediation properties. However, in general, the psychoanalytic literary criticism of visual representations may also call for a profound methodologic effect.In our work we acquit to give two examples from visual culture and discuss how Mulveys thesis may be convincing in one instance but tested to its limitations in another.For this discussio n I propose to take two films archaic Window by Alfred Hitchcock and Kill Bill by Quentin Jerome Tarantino.The film Rare Window by Alfred Hitchcock is convicing the thesis of Laura Malvey that Man is the bearer of the look while woman connotes to-be-looked-at-ness. The main character of this film is put in such conditions that he has to be scopophilic. A photographer Jeffries has broken his leg and now he has to examine everything going on outside through the window. The film reveals to us one of the main needs of men peep through the keyhole, figuratively speaking. It is really unthinkable to keep away from such a forbidden fruit. And the blame of everything is curiosity, namely it moves the main mechanisms in a man, allowing to forget about other equally distinguished needs (food, rest, sex) and exciting the imagination at a time. In this film everything is concentrated around the man, Jeffries, women are just a background here.In this film we can see many scenes convincing Malveys thesis. Jeff Jeffries (Stewart), a photographer who works in magazine and has broken his leg, is forced to miss in the four walls and have fun just because of peeping into the daily life of the yard, and neighbors with binoculars. Having noticed the suspicious behavior of one of them, he comes to the firm belief that the latter has murdered his wife. Being electrostatic himself, Jeff enlists the aid of Lisa (Kelly), a quiet blonde working model in the fashion house here she is particularly beautiful. The girl is desperately in contend with him and therefore agrees to perform for him a dangerous work down. Of all the works by Hitchcock this is an exercise in scopophilia in which the viewer is nothing left to do but to take part in the process. Its like to stay Hitchcock himself within 112 minutes. Look out the window and see what you should not see says Jeff to the nurse (Ritter), and the viewer looks through the window and sees what the main character sees.A men chained to the chair, staring out the window is one part of the film. The second part shows what he sees, and the third one how he reacts to what he sees. This is the purest expression of the idea of narrative cinema.Another confirmation of Malveys thesis is how Jeffries renews his erotic interest for girlfriend when she enters the other flat tire and Jeffries sees her at distance. This is the power from a voyeurism point of view because Jeffries is controlling the visual the spatial and the temporal. In addition the camera movements are dictated by the male hero, Jeffries.Now let us discuss another film, in which Malveys thesis that Man is the bearer of the look while Woman connotes to-be-looked-at-ness in classical Hollywood cinema is tested to its limitations. As an example I would like to take the film Kill Bill by Quentin Tarantino. In this film we see a strong girl who denies Malveys view of women in the Holywood cinema.Having been four years in coma the girl-victim wakes up in the hospital in shock and with the atrophy of muscles, but in a few minutes after waking up she commits a double murder and steals the car of one of her victims. Further, in the course of the photo she can not stop, especially since the recalls, who is responsible for the fact that she has lost her baby, her husband and all the guests at the wedding, where her beating took place.The female character Uma Thurman (the bride) wears little report or did her hair in a manner to arouse the male audience through her physical looks. Additonally she hardly smiles on the camera drawing a distinction to the female characters in classical Hollywood cinema.The episode when the bride in cold blood composes a list of five names of her future victims, the main and the latest of which is Bill also deserves a special attantion. Here we see not a classical woman who appears as an erotic object, but a strong, manlike heroine. Further, in the course of the first part the violence over the first two names in the list of death follows.Even in the eyes of the main heroine, the bride, we see a burning, glowing white-hatred and this is the limitation of Malveys thesis that that Man is the bearer of the look while Woman connotes to-be-looked-at-ness in classical Hollywood cinema. The monologues of the character are also uncommon for a classical womanLook lifeless, right? Well, I am not dead, the fortune smiled at me, thats what I can tell you. It so happened that the last Bills bullet drove me into a coma. In coma I was destined to lie for five years. Then I woke up And immediately I ran, as it is taught by one advertisement, fret and fume. I fumed and raged, and craved, and found blood. In total, until today, I killed 33 people. Only one remained.So, as we can see, the bride is a strong, manlike female character, unusual for the Hollywood cinema.To make a conclusion it should be said that in our work we have discussed the position of Laura Malvey in her work Visual Pleasure and Narrati ve Cinema. We have also discussed how Mulveys thesis may be convincing in one instance but tested to its limitations in another using two examples. For discussion we took two films Rare Window by Alfred Hitchcock and Kill Bill by Quentin Jerome Tarantino.

Overview of the Grace-Fo Satellite Mission

everywhereview of the Grace-Fo Satellite MissionThe Gravity Recovery and humor experimentation Fol piteous-On An OverviewAn artist depiction of the mildness satellite configuration (Sharing, 2017)The knit stitch of remote sensing is continuously expanding and adapting to yield new information about the globe and its multiplex systems. Modern satellite technology has expanded to be equal to monitor spatial and temporal variations in commonwealths global gravity field (Schutze, 2016). The ability to monitor the Earths geoid straightaway allows scientists to understand deepens in hydrological characteristics on the surface of the planet including internal-combustion engine mass loss due to climate change and sea level rise (NASA JPL, 2017). The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment ( mildness) and its follow-on boot dissemble the application of this new technology that is essential for obtaining new data about global mass redistribution. The GRACE-FO rush impart offe r benefits due its use of expeditious sensors and new technological inputs, but with any satellite system, there will be sources of error and challenges in design and data usage.The first GRACE flush was launched in 2002 as a result of the combined efforts of the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) with assistance from partner institutions of both leading agencies (Schutze, 2016). The primary goal of the mission was to provide a new model of Earths gravity field every 30 years (Schlepp et al., 2015). Two identical satellites comprise the system with unity trailing behind the other by 220km in a sun-synchronous orbit (Wahr, 2007). The satellites fly in a low polar orbit of 450 km and, the system circles the Earth every 90 minutes (Schutze, 2015). Spatial variations in Earths gravity field lead to strike offable accelerations in the two satellites and therefore, differing inter-sa tellite separation (Schutze, 2016). Therefore, the GRACE mission is different than many other earth observation satellite missions be ride it does not make standards of electromagnetic push reflected back to it from Earths surface. The blank space between the two satellites serves as the source of data. Also, uniquely, the satellites are left mostly without intervention to their orbit unless they separate by less than one hundred seventy km and more than 250 km (Sheard et al., 2012).Illustration of the positions of the two GRACE satellites in response to variations in Earths gravity field a)The two satellites pass over the sea and neither is affected b)The lead spacecraft encounters a change in gravity over the more dense land mass and tresss away from the trailing spacecraft c)The lead spacecraft moves back over weewee but now the trailing spacecraft changes position in response to the greater pull of gravity over the land mass (Ward, 2003)The first GRACE mission was just pla nned to run for 5 years, but far exceeded this as it is now in its 15th year of operation. The batteries in each satellite are fatiguing and right data is increasingly available in more irregular intervals (Grth et al., 2016). As a result, NASA and the GFZ scored a follow-on mission to prevent data gaps (Schlepp et al., 2015). The follow-on was approved for launch in August 2017 and is known simply as the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission (Schlepp et al., 2015). The primary objective for this mission is the same as the previous to create monthly global gravity models for five years (Sharing Earth Observation Resources, 2017).The GRACE-FO mission will use some of the key sensor technology and overall design of the first GRACE mission, but will too include unique features. The same two-satellite design will remain but the inter-satellite distance will be reduced from 220 km to 50 km (Zheng and Xu, 2015). several(prenominal) very important pieces o f equipment will carry over from the first mission to each of the GRACE-FO satellites but will see improvements in design. This includes a atomize legal instrument (MWI) dependent on Global Positioning System (GPS) technology. The MWI system prizes the distance between the satellites centers of mass and slight changes in distance represent gravitative changes (Tapley, 2008). A very sensitive accelerometer meant to measure the forces acting on the satellites besides gravity including atmospheric drag will also remain (Tapley, 2008). There were previous accelerometer errors and satellite-to-satellite measurement errors that will be reduced by the lower altitude and updates in design on the follow-on mission (Loomis, Nerem, and Luthcke, 2012).The microwave ranging system employed can measure the distance between satellites to within one micron or about the diameter of one human blood cell (NASA JPL, 2017). It is known as a KBR system because it utilizes microwaves in the K (26 GHz) and Ka (32 GHz) frequency channels (Jiang et al., 2014). Distance measurements between the two satellites are taken by monitoring the cadence of flight of microwave signals transmitted and received nearly simultaneously between the two spacecraft (Bao et al., 2005). Previously collected data and models created by scientists based on known gravitational differences linked to mountains and ocean trenches, the stead of the sun, and the flow of the tides are compared to new measurements of the satellites to interpret gravitational changes (NASA JPL, 2017). Also, the GPS unit on board is used in tandem with the MWI to be able to understand the gravity field below and can accurately assign capture time to data (Sheard et al., 2012).The accelerometer can then measure non-gravitational forces change the satellite as previously mentioned including atmospheric drag and solar radiation embrace (Schutze, 2016). These additional forces are then subtracted from measurements taken by the MWI. At the low altitude of orbit of GRACE comes changing solar radiation and large thermal disturbances to on-board instruments (Schutze, 2016). As a result, one improvement to the accelerometer on the GRACE-FO satellites will be placing the measurement digitalization unit in a temperature controlled area of the spacecraft to prevent temperature variation that can make data inaccurate (Christophe et al., 2015).The FO mission will include new technology known as a laser interferometer that will make measures that are at least 25 propagation more precise than the on-board microwave ranging system due to shorter wavelength usage (Sharing, 2017). The LRI uses an participating transponder principle, which means that the weak incoming received (RX) beam to the trailing satellite is replaced by a strong local oscillator (LO) beam. The LO beam is then reflected back to the lead satellite by a Triple Mirror Assembly (TMA) which directs the beam and influences the tally of light returned (Fle dderman et al., 2014). It also serves to effectively route the incoming beam around other important hardware pieces (Fledderman et al., 2014).The use of the new laser interferometer represents the first time an active laser ranging system will be operated between two spacecraft (NASA JPL, 2017). However, the microwave system will remain intact to ensure tenaciousness of data from the first mission and the use of interferometer represents only a technology demonstration (Sharing, 2017). While some studies found the LRI technology could greatly increase the truth of gravity data, others found that there would be only moderate improvements in the accuracy models (Flechtner et al., 2015). However, seeing the results of the two systems as they operate simultaneously will create substantive data for the planning of future of gravity field missions.The GRACE-1 mission allowed for new breakthroughs in the fields of hydrology, oceanography, glaciology, geophysics, and geodesy (Sharing, 20 17). Since gravity is determined by mass, the GRACE systems necessitate the capability to show how mass is distributed around the planet (Sharing, 2017). However, GRACE has and will continue to have no vertical resolution and can therefore, not distinguish between surface water, soil moisture, and ground water (Bolton and Thomas, 2015). Land surface models therefore allow for the disaggregation of Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS) data by separating these data into layers with known points of distinction (Bolton and Thomas, 2015). For example, in a study of the High Plains region of the US, the variance of snow and surface water were found to make insignificant contributions to TWS variability compared to groundwater and soil moisture changes (Ward, 2003). Therefore, removing moisture data known from previous studies of the region allowed scientists to subtract these figures from the GRACE gravitational measurements to understand changes in groundwater levels over time (Ward, 2003). Over time, improvements in GRACE data processing have allowed for the detection of changes in TWS within 1.5 cm accuracies for a wide range of spatial and seasonal scales (Jiang et al., 2014).(Ward, 2003) touchstone changes in global mass distribution can help scientists across many disciplines. GRACE data has also been used to observe increases and decreases in the ice and snow masses of glaciers and changes to the solid Earth following seismic activity such as the Fukushima earthquake of 2011 in Japan (Flechtner et al., 2016). Ocean water acme changes caused by the devastating 2004 Sumatra tsunami had an impact of the inter-satellite distance of the GRACE satellites and showed how oceanic mass redistribution can affect Earths gravity field (Bao et al., 2005). Due to the relatively low spatial resolution of GRACE data, it is more useful for monitoring large-scale terrestrial water changes such as in past studies of the entire Amazon river basin or India (Bolton and Thomas, 2015) . Other applications include flood and drought monitoring for management projects and interventions (Bolton and Thomas, 2015). For example, the US National Drought Mitigation Center uses GRACE data monthly to generate drought indicators and monitor surface water changes (NASA JPL, 2016). GRACE data also allows for the study of changes in deep ocean currents by measuring pressure changes at great depths. Similar pressure changes in the structure of the solid earth can be studied as well (NASA JPL, 2016).Trends in TWS and water mass redistribution made possible from GRACE data from 2002-2013(Bolton and Thomas, 2015)One of the benefits of an active satellite system such as the GRACE-1 and GRACE-FO compared to passive systems is that it can collect accurate data 24 hours per day because it creates its own source of electromagnetic energy (Schowengerdt, 2006). Also, the use of microwaves in the GRACE missions means that data is not affected by any type of cloud cover which often greatly affects accurate passive sensor data acquisition because the system only considers inter-satellite distance and GPS location for data retrieval.Active sensors dependent on microwave signals like on the GRACE missions are unique in their capabilities. The launch of the first GRACE mission allowed for data on earths geoid that was 100 to 1000 times more accurate than previous models could estimate depending on the region of the global under consideration (Ward, 2003). GRACE data has also allowed scientists to under the impact of global climate change based on mass redistribution of water around the globe in a comprehensive and consistent manner never previously achieved. With more accurate data from the GRACE-FO mission and the security of continued data creation, changes caused by climate change will continue to be monitored and planning for issues such as drought can be improved.However, compared to passive system data, the analysis of data is more complex and costly overall. The da ta output of the GRACE systems also requires a lot of manipulation and filtering to create meaningful datasets for a variety of disciplines. The microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum is far from the visible region and therefore, the resulting data is also less intuitive for human interpretation (Schowengerdt, 2006). The raw data outputs for GRACE are just inter-satellite distance measurements and GPS data about satellite location (Ward, 2003).Therefore, improvements in satellite technology components alone will not improve the data created by GRACE. Improvements also adopt to be made to the many geophysical models used in data processing (Loomis, Nerem, and Luthcke, 2012). For example, a complete global depiction of the earths gravity field is only available every 30 days while forces such as tidal shifts can change on a minute-to-minute basis. This difference creates an issue in which short-term differences are lost or their impact is underestimated (Sheard et al., 2012 ). Therefore, understanding gravitational influences not directly linked to mass balance changes is essential.Models of gravity field anomalies on earths geoid created by comparingGRACE data from two different temporal scales (Ward, 2003)Models based on GRACE data are also expressage by the noise present in the system data. This noise is linked to instrument errors, uncertainties in background models, and limitations in processing strategies (Siemes et al., 2013). In order to make meaningful measurements of mass changes on the earth using GRACE data, the noise of resulting models needs to be kept at a minimum, usually accomplished by applying filters (Siemes et al., 2013). However, when one problem is solved, another potentially arises. Filtering suppresses noise and blurs the signal, limiting the spatial resolution so much that part of the leak may affect nearby regions and cause errors in mass redistribution data (Siemes et al, 2013). However, more complex filtering methods have b een developed to also minimize the blurring of data.Also, the spatial resolution of GRACE data is ultimately limited (Siemes et al., 2013). The spatial range for very accurate GRACE data application was 400km to 40,000 km for the first mission (Tapley, 2008). The strength of GRACE data therefore lies in an ability to monitor mass changes over time rather than to understand the water storage in one area at a limited time. However, there is potential for the lower altitude of the GRACE-FO mission and the LRI technology utilization of shorter wavelengths to allow for higher spatial resolution.The GRACE mission have shown that the use of active sensor technology on earth system satellite missions that utilizes microwave laser instruments and likely laser interferometers is incredibly efficient at understanding changes in earths geoid. With the launch of the GRACE-FO mission later this year, even more accurate measurements and greater understanding of mass redistribution of water around the planet will be possible. disrespect the rapidly changing and unpredictable political climate of the United States government, the launch of the GRACE-FO mission seems undeterred and the collection of important data related to climate change-related issues will continue to be gathered.ReferencesBao, L.F., Piatanesi, A., Lu, Y., Hsu, H.T., and Zhou, X.H. (2005) Sumatra tsunami affects observations by GRACE satellites. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 86(39), 353-356.Bolton, J. and Thomas, B. (2015) Overview of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data and applications. NASA Applied Remote feel Training (ARSET). Powerpoint Presentation. http//www.cazalac.org/mwar_lac/fileadmin/imagenes2/Remote_Sensing/S5P1.pdf 2.3.17.Christophe, Boulanger, Foulon, Huynh, Lebat, Liorzou, and Perrot. (2015) A new generation of ultra-sensitive electrostatic accelerometers for GRACE Follow-on and towards the next generation gravity missions. Acta Astronautica, 117, 1-7.Fl echtner, F., Neumayer, K., Dahle, C., Dobslaw, H., Fagiolini, E., Raimondo, J., and Gntner, A. (2016) What can be expected from the GRACE-FO laser ranging interferometer for earth science applications? Surveys in Geophysics, 37(2), 453-470. inside10.1007/s10712-015-9338-y.Fleddermann, Ward, Elliot, Wuchenich, Gilles, Herding, . . . Shaddock. (2014) Testing the GRACE follow-on triple mirror assembly. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 31(19), 12.Grth, A., Sanjuan, J., Gohlke, M., Rasch, S., Abich, K., Braxmaier, C., and Heinzel, G. (2016) Test environments for the GRACE follow-on laser ranging interferometer. diary of Physics company Series, 716(1), 4.Jiang, D., Huang, Y., Fu, J., Wang, J., Ding, X., and Zhou, K. (2014) The review of GRACE data applications in terrestrial hydrology monitoring. Advances in Meteorology, 2014, Vol.2014.Loomis, Bryant D., Nerem, R. S., and Luthcke, S. B. (2012) Simulation study of a follow-on gravity mission to GRACE.(Report). Journal of Geodesy, 86(5), 31 9.NASA Jet Propulsion science lab (JPL). (2016). Applications overview. NASA. GRACE Tellus Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment. https//grace.jpl.nasa.gov/applications/overview/ 2.3.17.. (2017) GRACE-FO. NASA. GRACE Tellus Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment. https//grace.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/grace-fo/ 2.3.17.Schlepp B., Kirschner M., Sweetser T.H., Klipstein W.M., Dubovitsky S., (2015). Flight Dynamics Challenges for the GRACE Follow-On Mission. 25th International Symposium on Space Flight Dynamics (ISSFD). http//elib.dlr.de/98835/1/ISSFD2015_FD%20Challenges%20for-20GRACE-FO_Schlepp.pdf 2.3.17.Schowengerdt, R. (2006) Remote Sensing electronic resource Models and Methods for Image Processing (3rd ed.). Burlington Elsevier Science, 204-243.Schtze, D. (2016) Measuring Earth Current status of the GRACE Follow-On Laser Ranging Interferometer. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 716(1), 6.. (2015) LISA technology sheds light on climate change GRACE-FO mission. LISA Mission. Yout ube. https//www.youtube.com/watch?v=tb29hD3OgFw 2.3.17.Sharing Earth Observation Resources. (2017) GRACE-FO (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On)/ GFO (GRACE Follow-On). EO Portal Directory. https//directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/g/grace-fo 2.3.17.Sheard, B., Heinzel, S., Danzmann, G., Shaddock, K., Klipstein, D., and Folkner, A. (2012) Intersatellite laser ranging instrument for the GRACE follow-on mission. Journal of Geodesy, 86(12), 1083-1095.Siemes, C., Ditmar, P., Riva, R., Slobbe, E., Liu, M., and Farahani, D. (2013) Estimation of mass change trends in the Earths system on the basis of GRACE satellite data, with application to Greenland. Journal of Geodesy, 87(1), 69-87.Tapley, B. (2008) Gravity model determination from the GRACE mission. The Journal of the Astronautical Sciences, 56(3), 273-285.Wahr, J. (2007) Time Variable Gravity from Satellites-3.08. In Treatise on Geophysics, 218.Ward, A. (2003) advisement earths water from space cha llenges and limitations to using the GRACE technique. NASA Earth observatory. http//earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/WeighingWater/printall.php 7.3.17.Zheng Wei and Xu Houze. (2015) Progress in satellite gravity recovery from implemented CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE and future GRACE follow-on missions. Geodesy and Geodynamics, 6(4), 241-247. doi10.1016/j.geog.2015.05.005

Reflective Essay on Personal Strengths

Reflective Essay on personal StrengthsPersonal Strengths 2IntroductionStrengthsQuest is a personality assessment tool used by career-oriented companies and schools to help determine what careers a given person might be desirable for. This is a test approximately 150 questions long, that measures ones top five personality strengths, so that those top five may be recognized and utilized in a proficient manner within that persons career. This maximizes ones ladderable efficiency. This report will analyze my top five personal strengths and make a correlation between them and my time to come career endeavors.Personal Strengths ThemesMy top five personal strengths are Belief, Responsibility, Competition, Developer, and Relator. In order to further discuss these strengths, one must concord a basic understanding of what goes into each strength make-up.BeliefIf you possess a strong Belief theme, you have certain core determine that are enduring. These determine vary from one person to a nother, but ordinarily your Belief theme causes you to be family-oriented, altruistic, even up spiritual, and to value responsibility and high ethics- some(prenominal) in yourself and others. These core values affect your behavior in many ways. They give your life meaning and satisfaction in your view, success is more than money and prestige. They provide you with direction, guiding you by the temptations and distractions of life toward a consistent set of priorities. This consistency is the foundation for all your relationships. Your friends call you dependable. I bang where you stand, they say. Your Belief makes you easy to trust. It also demands that you find work that meshes with your values. Your work must be meaningful it must matter to you. And guided by your Belief theme it will matter just now if it gives you a jeopardize to live out your values (StrengthsQuest 2010).Personal Strengths 3ResponsibilityYour Responsibility theme forces you to take psychological ownership for anything you commit to, and whether large or small, you retrieve emotionally bound to follow it through to completion. Your good name depends on it. If for some reason you stoogenot deliver, you automatically start to look for ways to make it up to the other person. Apologies are not enough. Excuses and rationalizations are totally unacceptable. You will not quite be able to live with yourself until you have made restitution. This conscientiousness, this near infantile fixation for doing things right, and your impeccable ethics, combine to create your reputation utterly dependable. When assigning new responsibilities, tidy sum will look to you first because they have it away it will get done. When people come to you for help-and they soon will-you must be selective. Your willingness to volunteer may some dates lead you to take on more than you should (StrengthsQuest 2010).CompetitionCompetition is rooted in comparison. When you look at the world, you are instinctively aware of other peoples performance. Their performance is the ultimate yardstick. No matter how hard you tried, no matter how worthy your intentions, if you reached your object but did not outperform your peers, the achievement feels hollow. Like all competitors, you need other people. You need to compare. If you can compare, you can compete, and if you can compete, you can win. And when you win, there is no feeling quite like it. You like measurement because it facilitates comparisons. You like other competitors because they invigorate you. You like contests because they must produce a winner. You particularly like contests where you know you have the inside track to be the winner. Although you are gracious to your fellow competitors and even stoic in defeat, you dont compete for the fun of competing. You compete to win. Over fourth dimension you will come to avoid contests where winning seems unlikely (StrengthsQuest 2010).DeveloperYou see the potential in others. Very often, in fact, potential is all you see. In your view no individual is fully formed. On the contrary, each individual is a work in progress, alive with possibilities. And you are drawn toward people for this very reason. When you interact with others, your finish is to help them experience success. You look for ways to challenge them. You devise interesting experiences that can stretch them and help them grow. And all the while you are on the prospect for the signs of growth-a new behavior learned or modified, a slight improvement in a skill, a glimpse of excellence or of flow where previously there were only halting steps. For you these small increments- invisible to some-are clear signs of potential being realized. These signs of growth in others are your fuel. They bring you strength and satisfaction. Over time many will seekPersonal Strengths 4you out for help and encouragement because on some level they know that your helpfulness is both literal and fulfilling to you (StrengthsQuest 2010) .RelatorRelator describes your attitude toward your relationships. In simple terms, the Relator theme pulls you toward people you already know. You do not necessarily shy away from meeting new people-in fact, you may have other themes that cause you to enjoy the thrill of turning strangers into friends-but you do derive a great deal of pleasure and strength from being around your well-nigh friends. You are comfortable with intimacy. Once the initial connection has been made, you deliberately encourage a deepening of the relationship. You indispensableness to understand their feelings, their goals, their fears, and their dreams and you want them to understand yours. You know that this var. of closeness implies a certain amount of risk-you might be taken advantage of-but you are willing to accept that risk. For you a relationship has value only if it is genuine. And the only way to know that is to entrust yourself to the other person. The more you share with each other, the more yo u risk together. The more you risk together, the more each of you proves your feel for is genuine. These are your steps toward real friendship, and you take them willingly (StrengthsQuest 2010).Career CorrelationsPhysical fitness has always been my passion. I am currently working on getting a Bachelors degree in exercise science. With that being said, I have two routes that I would like to go. I would either like to be an acrobatic coach of some kind, or a personal trainer. With the strength themes I exhibited, these career fields are somewhat perfect for me.With the strength theme, Belief, I want nothing more than to make a difference in peoples lives, through the avenue of physical fitness. By doing this, I can be happy with myself even if I dont make a ton of money. I believe that if you love what you do, the money will fall in to place (Ted Leonsis 2010). I am a big advocate of having a purpose in everything you do, whether large or small. My Belief, is that, I can have a posi tive influence on someones life, andPersonal Strengths 5teach them values and help them achieve personal goals they have set for themselves, through sports or working out.Responsibility is my next theme, which gives me accountability to my future clients and players. I am not one to give up in anything when something doesnt go my way. If I commit to something, theres no turning back from it (Rotegrd,A.,Moore,S.,Fagermoen,M.,Ruland,C. 2010). If I cannot pass on something or make a mistake, I dont try to make excuses, but rather, learn from it and move on. It is that sense of Responsibilty.Competition is a great strength theme for me, especially given the option of coaching. Competition is a way that I can measure my work ethic and achievement motivation. I have a need to compare and contrast myself with others around me (Vetter,R.,Symonds,M. 2010). Not in the sense that I am better than they are, but constantly trying to better myself, by learning from those who I feel are better co mpetitors. Competition can be a great asset when used right.Developer is another great strength, because it can be applied, so easy, to both personal training and coaching as well. I think it is necessary for both too. I am good at seeing the big picture in people. I can see how someone may be good at something, but then know how to tweak their skills enough to help make them great at it. Through precision, non-complacency, and attention to details, I can help bring out the potential in others (Mark Helfand 2005). This is a huge driving force for me.Finally, Relator is the last of my top five strength themes. Relator allows me to connect with those I work with. Empathy is so very important to both athletics and personal training.Personal Strengths 6When you can see through someone elses eyes, you can share a bond with them that allows you to use a leaders role, by giving advice and making corrections without being questioned. It builds trust between both parties and allows for more efficient goal achievement.These top five strength themes that I exhibit, I believe, are not only perfect for coaching or personal training, but are, absolutely necessary in being successful as well.Personal StrengthsReferencesMark Helfand. (2005). Using Evidence Reports Progress And Challenges In Evidence-Based Decision Making.Health Affairs,24(1),123-127.Ted Leonsis. (2010,April). How to Build a Happy Company.Newsweek,155(15).Rotegrd,A.,Moore,S.,Fagermoen,M.,Ruland,C..(2010). Health assets A concept analysis. International journal of Nursing Studies,47(4),513.Vetter,R.,Symonds,M..(2010). CORRELATIONS BETWEEN INJURY, TRAINING INTENSITY, AND PHYSICAL AND MENTAL EXHAUSTION AMONG COLLEGE ATHLETES.Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,24(3),587-96.

Night Essay -- essays research papers fc

Without a doubt, atomic number 53 of the darkest episodes in the history of universekind involved the systematic extermination of Jews, Gypsies, Slavs and gays by Nazi Germany. In order to get a good sense of the horror and despair that was felt by the interned, one simply needs to read the memoirs of Elie Wiesel in his dark, as translated from French by Stella Rodway and copyrighted by Bantam Books in 1960. Elie Wiesel was born in Sighet, Transylvania. His parents ran a shop and cared for him and his three siblings, Hilda, Bea, and Tzipora. Early on, the Jewish confederacy of Sighet payed little heed to the stories of what had happened to foreign Jews that were expelled. By the time Germans had entered Sighet, it was too late for the people to escape their fates. At first, they were made to give up all of their worth(predicate) possessions and move into makeshift ghettos. Next came deportation of the entire community to the Auschwitz internment camp. The way that the people we re piled into cattle wagons was only a precurser of appalling events that were to come. The horror truly dawned on Elie when he realized that the large smokestacks that he saw were from crematoriums that were set up to burn the bodies of the thousands upon thousands of Jews that were killed in the gas chamber. Elie paints a portrait of life in the camp, which included hours of back-breaking labor, fear of hangings, and an overall theme throughout the book starvation. The prisoners were given only black coffee in the morning, and soup and a crust of cole in the evening. The most terrifying aspect of the entire experience was the selection, the picking out of those that were to sick, old, or weak to be useful. These unfortunate souls were thrown into the fires. The one constant in Elies life was his father, who along with his son and all other prisoners, were later forced to evacuate to trains that would bring them to the Buchenwald internment camp muddy in Germany, under the press ure of the Allied forces on the area. The final horrific scene in this book was how the interned, in mass, were forced to run full hasten for hours on end, the people that lagged being shot on sight. The story culminated in the death of Elies father, and the eventual freedom of the Survivors of these death camps. The way that Elie describe... ... day, Pope flush toilet Paul II apologized for the past sins of the church, but did not address the way that Pope Pious VII threw a deaf ear towards the Holocaust. What is more upset than the fact that their was not opposition to the Nazis by other European countries is the fact that something as horrible as this could happen again. In Bosnia and Herzegovina in the early 1990s, the social cleansing of Muslims and Croats by Serbs led to the removal of 2.5 million people from cities and villages, mass murders, and the internment of men and boys in as many as 100 assimilation camps. Although the situation did not escalate to the point of the Holocaust, it showed the ignorance of people as to past events. To conclude, Elie Wiesels Night is a haunting and accurate account of the cruelty that man can inflict on man. The lessons learned from this account cannot be forgotten. If they are, then they are sure to be repeated.Works CitedEthnic Cleansing. The Complete Reference Collection. 1998ed. CD-ROM. The education Company, Inc., 1998.Holocaust. The Complete Reference Collection. 1998ed. CD-ROM. The Learning

American Changes between 1825-1850 :: essays research papers

In early America between the years of 1825-1850, America was rapidly changing and reforming the way tribe lived. Societal problems and major discrepancies that had previously been overlooked began to rapidly gain awareness. The main idea of the reforms in the United States at this time was the relatively new intellect of Democracy. Reform sought to maximize these benefits in light of Democracy and for this reason came up with many changes in which greater good can be base through freedom, justice, and equality of solely people.      In addition to extending social and political equality for women and the means to economic affluence for the poor (through education), a number of reforms in any case extended to various oppressed groups of freedom and justice. Abolitionists in the North sought to emancipate slaves in the cotton-cultivating South through the use of moral suasion as revealed by Patrick Reasons engraving showing the deprivation of the Negro race in regards to their rights as humans, and later, political freedoms. The penitentiary movement began by Dorothea Dix ameliorate the nations prisons and insane asylums to improve the living conditions and treatment of criminals, paupers, and emotionally disturbed persons. Separate penitentiaries were later instituted for the reformation of juvenile delinquents. Instead of confining without greenback the more and less sorry, where the latter can learn little but the ways of the wicked, their separation will salvage the less vicious through religious and moral instruction and render them valuable members of society. Democratic ideals inspired many reforms from 1825-1850. One such ideal was equality for all people in the United States. Many reformers were especially concerned with those in prison and how they would be treated upon release. Many people, such as those for the Reformation of new-fangled Delinquents, in 1829, hoped that upon release ex-prisoners would become "valuable members of society," but knew that this would only be possible if they were treated like others.